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en
AfCFTA: Towards harmonisation of rules of origin
27-03-2024

The African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA), approved in 2012 by the African Union’s (AU) 18th Ordinary Session of Assembly of Heads of State and Government, is one of the Flagship Projects of the AU’s Agenda 2063. The Action Plan for Boosting intra-African trade has a strong focus on accelerating intra-African trade and boosting Africa’s trading position in the global market, in particular through implementation of trade facilitation standards and tools. We provide a brief overview of AfCFTA rules of origin.

Mette Werdelin Azzam

origin
en
AfCFTA: Towards harmonisation of rules of origin
27-03-2024

The African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA), approved in 2012 by the African Union’s (AU) 18th Ordinary Session of Assembly of Heads of State and Government, is one of the Flagship Projects of the AU’s Agenda 2063. The Action Plan for Boosting intra-African trade has a strong focus on accelerating intra-African trade and boosting Africa’s trading position in the global market, in particular through implementation of trade facilitation standards and tools. We provide a brief overview of AfCFTA rules of origin.

Mette Werdelin Azzam

origin
en, lt
Two lessons from case law on the origin of goods
20-03-2024

Editors' note: The recent 20th Authors' Meeting dealt with issues of origin for customs purposes. At this meeting, the author presented two Israeli court cases - one concerning an unauthorised person signing the certificate of preferential origin and the other concerning whether pistachios originated in Iran or Turkey (non-preferential origin for the application of prohibitions). The cases are not necessarily new, but they deal with relevant questions: What happens if the proof of preferential origin is signed by an unauthorised person? Can the authorisation be granted retrospectively? Is the 'statistical and reasonableness check' sufficient for customs to reject the declared non-preferential origin of the goods?

Omer Wagner

origin
en, lt
Two lessons from case law on the origin of goods
20-03-2024

Editors' note: The recent 20th Authors' Meeting dealt with issues of origin for customs purposes. At this meeting, the author presented two Israeli court cases - one concerning an unauthorised person signing the certificate of preferential origin and the other concerning whether pistachios originated in Iran or Turkey (non-preferential origin for the application of prohibitions). The cases are not necessarily new, but they deal with relevant questions: What happens if the proof of preferential origin is signed by an unauthorised person? Can the authorisation be granted retrospectively? Is the 'statistical and reasonableness check' sufficient for customs to reject the declared non-preferential origin of the goods?

Omer Wagner

origin
en, lt
Sustainability requirements: How to operate in the new reality?
10-03-2024

'Deep origin' is a phrase coined by Brain Staples. It is a description of the sustainability-focused regulatory environment now being increasingly faced by customs and traders. It goes beyond customs when it comes to implementing sanctions or other prohibitions on importation of endangered goods, goods manufactured by forced labour, or by slavery, or by other undesirable practices. How to operate in this increasingly complex regulatory environment?

Brian Staples

sustainability
en, lt
Sustainability requirements: How to operate in the new reality?
10-03-2024

'Deep origin' is a phrase coined by Brain Staples. It is a description of the sustainability-focused regulatory environment now being increasingly faced by customs and traders. It goes beyond customs when it comes to implementing sanctions or other prohibitions on importation of endangered goods, goods manufactured by forced labour, or by slavery, or by other undesirable practices. How to operate in this increasingly complex regulatory environment?

Brian Staples

sustainability
en
Some thoughts on origin
22min
image

Anthony Buckley

‎ €19.99
origin
en
Some thoughts on origin
22min
image

Anthony Buckley

‎ €19.99
origin
en
WCO published a Study on the Digitalization of the Certificate of Origin
23-02-2024

In 2022, the WCO Secretariat sent a questionnaire to the Organization’s Members to gather information on certification of origin processes and the digitalization of the certificate of origin (CO). Eighty-four Customs administrations responded, and a Study on the Digitalization of the Certificate of Origin, containing an analysis of the information received, was published in December 2023.

origin
en
WCO published a Study on the Digitalization of the Certificate of Origin
23-02-2024

In 2022, the WCO Secretariat sent a questionnaire to the Organization’s Members to gather information on certification of origin processes and the digitalization of the certificate of origin (CO). Eighty-four Customs administrations responded, and a Study on the Digitalization of the Certificate of Origin, containing an analysis of the information received, was published in December 2023.

origin
en
Supporting trade integration in Africa: two new publications under the EU-WCO Rules of Origin Africa Programme
23-02-2024

The Study provides a comparative analysis of origin provisions in a region which has the most numerous and complex overlapping trade regimes of the entire African continent.

Team in charge of the EU-WCO Rules of Origin Africa Programme

origin
en
Supporting trade integration in Africa: two new publications under the EU-WCO Rules of Origin Africa Programme
23-02-2024

The Study provides a comparative analysis of origin provisions in a region which has the most numerous and complex overlapping trade regimes of the entire African continent.

Team in charge of the EU-WCO Rules of Origin Africa Programme

origin
en
e-Certificate of Origin: the failing vision of efficiency and a possible solution
26-12-2023

The World Customs Organization has published a comprehensive study on the digitalisation of the Certificate of Origin (CO). This article provides a short summary of the existing CO issues and suggests some solutions that could help achieve the long-term digitalisation goals – such as the framework for trusted digital signatures currently used in the EU.

Dr Ramūnas Šablinskas

IT systems, databases, origin
en
e-Certificate of Origin: the failing vision of efficiency and a possible solution
26-12-2023

The World Customs Organization has published a comprehensive study on the digitalisation of the Certificate of Origin (CO). This article provides a short summary of the existing CO issues and suggests some solutions that could help achieve the long-term digitalisation goals – such as the framework for trusted digital signatures currently used in the EU.

Dr Ramūnas Šablinskas

IT systems, databases, origin
en, lt
Determination of the non-preferential origin of goods: All you need is... luck
10-12-2023

Legal clarity and certainty are what compliant companies need in order to be able to concentrate on their core activities. Legislators are trying to fulfil this need by, for example, introducing additional legislation such as binding information (BI) decisions. Frustratingly, the more legislation, the less clarity. BI decisions issued by customs authorities can be overturned by the European Commission (e.g. Harley-Davidson case), or the Court of Justice of the EU (CJEU) can rule in a dispute over a BI decision that the European Commission has exceeded its powers when adopting delegated legislation, which raises the question of how binding the rules laid down in the delegated regulations, e.g. the UCC Delegated Act, are. On the latter, we provide a brief overview of a recent CJEU judgement on the rules of non-preferential origin.

Enrika Naujokė

origin
en, lt
Determination of the non-preferential origin of goods: All you need is... luck
10-12-2023

Legal clarity and certainty are what compliant companies need in order to be able to concentrate on their core activities. Legislators are trying to fulfil this need by, for example, introducing additional legislation such as binding information (BI) decisions. Frustratingly, the more legislation, the less clarity. BI decisions issued by customs authorities can be overturned by the European Commission (e.g. Harley-Davidson case), or the Court of Justice of the EU (CJEU) can rule in a dispute over a BI decision that the European Commission has exceeded its powers when adopting delegated legislation, which raises the question of how binding the rules laid down in the delegated regulations, e.g. the UCC Delegated Act, are. On the latter, we provide a brief overview of a recent CJEU judgement on the rules of non-preferential origin.

Enrika Naujokė

origin
en, lt
Thoughts on non-preferential & Deep origin
03-12-2023

The fundamental premise of these notes is that the absence of any harmonization for rules of non-preferential rules of origin is increasingly and very rapidly creating additional discriminatory opportunities to expand and extend the scope and impact of a wide range of trade policies and trade restrictions. A brief analysis will provide a few examples of this phenomena, including an examination of its probable causes, and possible approaches to mitigate related barriers to international trade. The final notes will examine potential information and data contradictions in the current efforts to control so-called 'negative externalities' by way of 'deep origin' requirements, such as forced labour and carbon measures, at the border.

Brian Staples

origin
en, lt
Thoughts on non-preferential & Deep origin
03-12-2023

The fundamental premise of these notes is that the absence of any harmonization for rules of non-preferential rules of origin is increasingly and very rapidly creating additional discriminatory opportunities to expand and extend the scope and impact of a wide range of trade policies and trade restrictions. A brief analysis will provide a few examples of this phenomena, including an examination of its probable causes, and possible approaches to mitigate related barriers to international trade. The final notes will examine potential information and data contradictions in the current efforts to control so-called 'negative externalities' by way of 'deep origin' requirements, such as forced labour and carbon measures, at the border.

Brian Staples

origin
en, lt
The developments of mega-free trade agreements
01-10-2023

The development of free trade areas around the world, with most attention paid to the Asia-Pacific region and the Americas, is a major theme of the article. It also raises the question of the role of the EU in this development. The article is based on the presentation at the European Customs Practitioners' Conference held in Vilnius, Lithuania on 25-26 May and online.

Prof. Dr. Hans-Michael Wolffgang

origin
en, lt
The developments of mega-free trade agreements
01-10-2023

The development of free trade areas around the world, with most attention paid to the Asia-Pacific region and the Americas, is a major theme of the article. It also raises the question of the role of the EU in this development. The article is based on the presentation at the European Customs Practitioners' Conference held in Vilnius, Lithuania on 25-26 May and online.

Prof. Dr. Hans-Michael Wolffgang

origin
en
UK trade knowledge bundle: Export, Import,
image

en
UK trade knowledge bundle: Export, Import, CDS
image

en
Supplier's declaration in preferential trade: when to use it?
25-06-2023

Global trade based on preferential treatment offers benefits to its participants. The main one is a reduction in financial costs due to the application of reduced tariff rates when the goods have a preferential origin. In other words, if a product originates in one country and is sold to another country with which there is a preferential trade agreement, the product may be subject to a reduced or even zero duty rate. However, the mere fact that the goods originate in a particular country is not enough to qualify for such benefits. The preferential origin of the goods must be proven, so that the customs authorities do not suspect any manipulation or fraud on the part of importers. Each specific preferential trade agreement sets out acceptable ways of proving the preferential origin of goods. A supplier's declaration is one of the means of proof. Let us find out what it is and when it can be used.

Annette Reiser

origin
en
Supplier's declaration in preferential trade: when to use it?
25-06-2023

Global trade based on preferential treatment offers benefits to its participants. The main one is a reduction in financial costs due to the application of reduced tariff rates when the goods have a preferential origin. In other words, if a product originates in one country and is sold to another country with which there is a preferential trade agreement, the product may be subject to a reduced or even zero duty rate. However, the mere fact that the goods originate in a particular country is not enough to qualify for such benefits. The preferential origin of the goods must be proven, so that the customs authorities do not suspect any manipulation or fraud on the part of importers. Each specific preferential trade agreement sets out acceptable ways of proving the preferential origin of goods. A supplier's declaration is one of the means of proof. Let us find out what it is and when it can be used.

Annette Reiser

origin
en
Non-preferential origin & punitive tariffs
08min
image

Enrika Naujokė

‎ €15.99
origin
en
Non-preferential origin & punitive tariffs
08min
image

Enrika Naujokė

‎ €15.99
origin
en, lt
Harley-Davidson case highlights limits of binding origin information in Union customs law
07-05-2023

In the European Union customs law, it is possible for an economic operator to obtain binding tariff or origin information decisions, which provide assurance about the tariff classification or origin of goods. However, does such a customs decision always guarantee legal security just because national customs has issued a favorable decision to the trader?

Jonas Sakalauskas

duties, taxes, origin
en, lt
Harley-Davidson case highlights limits of binding origin information in Union customs law
07-05-2023

In the European Union customs law, it is possible for an economic operator to obtain binding tariff or origin information decisions, which provide assurance about the tariff classification or origin of goods. However, does such a customs decision always guarantee legal security just because national customs has issued a favorable decision to the trader?

Jonas Sakalauskas

duties, taxes, origin
en
Preferential origin: supplier's declaration
19min
image

Annette Reiser

‎ €19.79
origin
en
Preferential origin: supplier's declaration in the EU
19min
image

Annette Reiser

‎ €19.79
origin
en
Advance Rulings on Tariff Classification: What? Why? Where?
01-03-2023

Since problems of classification of goods are relevant to all countries of the world, the WCO, as the "keeper" of the Harmonised System, has developed a number of tools for its correct and uniform application. These tools include Explanatory Notes, Compendium of Classification Opinions, Classification Decisions, Recommendations Related to the Harmonised System, and Advance Rulings for Classification. Let's look at the latter tool in more detail, including a practical tip on where to find Advance Rulings in different countries.

Taichi Kawazoe

classification
en
Advance Rulings on Tariff Classification: What? Why? Where?
01-03-2023

Since problems of classification of goods are relevant to all countries of the world, the WCO, as the "keeper" of the Harmonised System, has developed a number of tools for its correct and uniform application. These tools include Explanatory Notes, Compendium of Classification Opinions, Classification Decisions, Recommendations Related to the Harmonised System, and Advance Rulings for Classification. Let's look at the latter tool in more detail, including a practical tip on where to find Advance Rulings in different countries.

Taichi Kawazoe

classification
en
Binding Valuation Information (BVI) decisions in the EU: the pros and cons
05-02-2023

Biding tariff and binding origin information decisions are used in the EU and provide legal certainty to economic operators regarding the correct determination of the tariff code and origin of their goods. What about the introduction of the same measures with regard to valuation? In the following article, we highlight some points on this topic.

Georgi Goranov

valuation
en
Binding Valuation Information (BVI) decisions in the EU: the pros and cons
05-02-2023

Biding tariff and binding origin information decisions are used in the EU and provide legal certainty to economic operators regarding the correct determination of the tariff code and origin of their goods. What about the introduction of the same measures with regard to valuation? In the following article, we highlight some points on this topic.

Georgi Goranov

valuation
en
The “dark art" of classification (challenging a BTI ruling) II
08-01-2023

In CCRM Issue 14 we wrote about a case, where a company challenged a BTI ruling. There is news in this case, as the European Commission issued a classification regulation concerning such products. We take this opportunity to update the article, which not only provides information on how to classify ‘a plastic basin with a plastic disposable liner to be used in clinical settings’ (9018, 3922, or 3924), but also provides an overview of the tools, procedures and possible pitfalls of the tariff classification of goods; and discusses what all the stakeholders can learn from this case.

Dr David Savage

classification
en
The “dark art" of classification (challenging a BTI ruling) II
08-01-2023

In CCRM Issue 14 we wrote about a case, where a company challenged a BTI ruling. There is news in this case, as the European Commission issued a classification regulation concerning such products. We take this opportunity to update the article, which not only provides information on how to classify ‘a plastic basin with a plastic disposable liner to be used in clinical settings’ (9018, 3922, or 3924), but also provides an overview of the tools, procedures and possible pitfalls of the tariff classification of goods; and discusses what all the stakeholders can learn from this case.

Dr David Savage

classification
en, lt
Communication on tariff classification of goods - what is it?
23-11-2022

After the publication of a certain communication in the EU Official Journal, Binding Tariff Information (BTI) decisions must be revoked if they no longer correspond to the interpretation of the customs nomenclature according to the specified international tariff measures. The latest communication was published at the end of October this year. Let's take a look at the current issues that are important for both business and customs. For example, how should household plastic clothes hangers be classified? Or what about digital smart pen classification?

Ingrida Sakalienė

classification
en, lt
Communication on tariff classification of goods - what is it?
23-11-2022

After the publication of a certain communication in the EU Official Journal, Binding Tariff Information (BTI) decisions must be revoked if they no longer correspond to the interpretation of the customs nomenclature according to the specified international tariff measures. The latest communication was published at the end of October this year. Let's take a look at the current issues that are important for both business and customs. For example, how should household plastic clothes hangers be classified? Or what about digital smart pen classification?

Ingrida Sakalienė

classification
en
Issues of preferential and non-preferential
01h 05min
image

Anthony Buckley

‎ €79.50
origin
en
Issues of preferential and non-preferential origin in complex supply chains
01h 05min
image

Anthony Buckley

‎ €79.50
origin
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