Leidinys

Išsaugoti
Rodoma 1-1619
Apie leidinį

Dear Reader,

Customs formalities cover global supply chains from the country of exportation to the country of importation. The legal rules to be addressed on the way are extensive (tariff, non-tariff, safety, etc.). They vary across countries and regions, change constantly, and often are inaccessible because of the language barrier and/ or unavailability online. 

Businesses aim to arrange customs formalities in the most cost-effective way, taking into account tariff preferences, the variety of customs procedures, and the simplifications. Therefore, the task to ensure compliant and cost-effective customs formalities is a complex one and any customs-related topic is in the scope of the journal. 

At the core of the Customs Compliance & Risk Management Journal for Practitioners in Europe are these keywords: up-to-date customs knowledge, compliance, harmonisation and simplification of the international and national rules (the simpler the rules, the easier to trade and to manage compliance and risks).

The first bi-monthly issue was released at the end of March 2020. Stakeholders - business, customs, academia, and others - from all over the world are invited to read the journal and to contribute articles.

The Editorial Board:
Enrika Naujokė, CC Learning, UAB, Lithuania
Dr David Savage, Ireland
Roberto Raya da Silva, Raya Consult, Brazil
Prof Dr Borys Kormych, National University 'Odesa Law Academy', Ukraine
Dr Ilona Mishchenko, National University 'Odesa Law Academy', Ukraine
Samuel Draginich, Amazon EU, Luxembourg
Ira Reese, Global Security and Innovative Solutions, the USA
Mark Rowbotham, Portcullis ISC, the UK
Omer Wagner, Israel
Svitlana Siurik, Belgium

We will be happy to answer your questions. Contact us: info@customslcear.net  

Best regards,
Editorial Board

Naudojimo sąlygos

Terms and Conditions

Responsibility for the content. The information contained in the Customs Compliance & Risk Management Journal for Practitioners in Europe is for general information purposes only and cannot be construed as legal advice, conclusion or consultation. The publisher CC Learning, UAB (CustomsClear, the Publisher) does not necessarily agree with the views of the authors of articles.

Distribution. The exclusive right to distribute the journal belongs to the Publisher. The paid articles of the journal are only for the use of those who have acquired them lawfully. The originals or copies of the articles may not be distributed, sold, rented, lent or otherwise transferred without the written consent of CustomsClear.

Procedure upon violation. The Publisher will make every effort to resolve any disputes in a consensual manner and therefore asks to be notified (using the contact details provided) of any conflict or misunderstanding before other steps are taken.

Disclaimer. The Publisher accepts no liability for the quality of the information provided or for it being correct, complete or up-to-date. It is the sole responsibility of the authors themselves to ensure compliance with intellectual property rights. We expect authors to indemnify and hold the CustomsClear harmless from any loss, damage, claim, expense or costs, that may be incurred or sustained in connection with or in any way arising out as a result of intellectual property violation claims.

Contact: info@customsclear.net 

Informacija autoriams

Information for Authors

Writing an article is a great way to share your knowledge and, if relevant, to inform readers about your expertise in a particular field of Customs.

Articles are contributed on a non-remunerated basis. Thanking you for your contribution, we will invite you to meet other authors in bimonthly online meetings.

The ISSN 2669-2171 number can be used for academic purposes.

Reader

The reader of the journal is a practitioner dealing with customs-related questions first of all in business. She or he might be a beginner or experienced one. Therefore, please write for practitioners, delivering your message in a simple and clear way. 

Language 

The main language of the journal is English. However, practitioners in many countries do not speak English, therefore, we encourage to write the article in several languages up to your choice.

Structure and length

Please start with about 3-5 sentences introducing what is your article about. Structure the article in short paragraphs, use subtitles. At the end of the article (and/ or in the author’s profile), you may introduce your organisation and services.

The length of the article is up to your choice, the most important is to clearly deliver the knowledge/ the main message to the reader (there are articles of 1000 and of 3000 words, it can be less or more). 

Author’s profile

Additionally, you may send us a picture and a description of the author for the author's profile. The author's profile opens when you click on the author’s name in the article. 

Note

Please also read 'About the Journal' and 'Terms and Conditions'.

Contacts

We will be happy to answer your questions. Please contact us by info@customsclear.net

Dear Readers,

I am delighted to write the editorial for the February/ March issue of CCRM. The WCO Secretariat announced the 2023 slogan “Nurturing the Next Generation: Promoting a Culture of Knowledge-sharing and Professional Pride in Customs”, which, in fact, goes far beyond mere customs administrations and is essential for all stakeholders involved in international trade. The knowledge-sharing culture can help build stronger partnerships, trust and mutual understanding between customs and the private sector and develop more effective processes to achieve common goals, such as improving trade facilitation and enhancing supply chain security. The WCO emphasizes the role of professional journals, magazines, and newsletters in knowledge management and sharing. And, in this regard, I am thrilled to inform you that the case of CCRM in providing information and fostering exchanges between brokers and representatives of Customs and other relevant institutions was presented by our Editor, Enrika Naujokė, in her insightful piece for the first 2023 issue of WCO News.

The current CCRM issue makes a particular focus on tariff classification. Articles written by Christopher Matt, Ingrida Kemežienė and Taichi Kawazoe cover a broad range of cases, including the completeness of product information, procedures for advance rulings, pipe transportation devices, inflatable couches, and drones. The latter reminds us of the ongoing Russo-Ukrainian armed conflict that shows the extensive utilization of commercial drones for military purposes. So, I think we will soon see a more detailed classification of drones to distinguish some features critical for military use, empowering more strict export controls.

The customs procedures section starts with the notes from the discussion at the 14th CCRM Authors' Meeting, which involved customs experts from Belgium, Germany, Lithuania, France, Bulgaria, Israel, Brazil and Argentina. It provides valuable insights into possibilities the proper choice of procedure may deliver and highlights the diversity of challenges customs professionals face in particular countries. This is followed by articles investigating inward procedures in the UK by Arne Mielken and the EU by Sandra Rinnert, Michael Lux and Enrika Naujokė. Besides general information, readers may get some comparative aspects of the UK and the EU customs procedures trajectory after Brexit.

Among the overviews of the EU law, I would like to highlight the article by Gediminas Valantiejus on the long-lasting EU efforts on the harmonization of penalties for customs infringements that “celebrate” the tenth anniversary this year. The series of EU-organized surveys and research revealed too many differences between member states, yet few suggestions on harmonization. In the same section Boryana Peycheva addresses pressing measures to unify customs control practices across the EU that are discussed in the report for the European Parliament's committee on Internal Market and Consumer Protection.

The current issue traditionally embraces the valuation topic. Georgi Goranov discusses the pros and cons of the Commission’s draft delegated regulation on Binding Valuation Information. Enrika Naujokė looks into the interplay between the choice of place of entry of goods and customs value. In country-specific publications, Ilona Mishchenko addresses information exchange challenges between Ukrainian customs and businesses. At the same time, Omer Wagner provides insights on the “importer's affidavit,” a unique tool the Israeli customs uses to obtain valuation information. 

I would rather not bore readers with any further listing, but on behalf of our editorial team, I hope you will find this CCRM issue exciting and valuable.

With Best Regards,
Dr. Prof. Borys Kormych

en
EU law news February/March 2023
2023-04-02

News in week 13: communication on decisions relating to binding tariff information; conclusion of the 71st Session of the Harmonized System Committee; CJEU judgements in two tariff classification cases; updates related to anti-dumping; creation of certain tariff rate quotas under the steel safeguard measure; and more news!

teisė
en
EU law news February/March 2023
2023-04-02

News in week 13: communication on decisions relating to binding tariff information; conclusion of the 71st Session of the Harmonized System Committee; CJEU judgements in two tariff classification cases; updates related to anti-dumping; creation of certain tariff rate quotas under the steel safeguard measure; and more news!

teisė
en
Ukraine customs and trade news: February/March 2023
2023-04-02

News at a glance: Common transit - list of goods exempted from guarantee; extended suspension of import duties, quotas and trade defence measures for Ukrainian exports to the EU and the UK; pilot project for the transport of goods between Ukraine and the Republic of Moldova using the TIR electronic procedure; and more news!

Iryna Pavlenko, Oleg Kyryievskyi

teisė
en
Ukraine customs and trade news: February/March 2023
2023-04-02

News at a glance: Common transit - list of goods exempted from guarantee; extended suspension of import duties, quotas and trade defence measures for Ukrainian exports to the EU and the UK; pilot project for the transport of goods between Ukraine and the Republic of Moldova using the TIR electronic procedure; and more news!

Iryna Pavlenko, Oleg Kyryievskyi

teisė
en
The classification of goods – It’s what you don’t know that brings you in trouble
2023-03-26

This is not a scientific paper claiming to be absolutely complete - it is rather a short examination (born out of the practitioner’s view) of the complexity of classification based on a simple article (with minor variations) and a pointing out of the (often, usually) missing information to classify an article completely (automated?) based on existing (tabular?) data. Let us now consider the complexity of classification in the EU nomenclature using a simple example. Let's take as an example a screw, more precisely a hexagon head screw.

Christopher Matt

klasifikavimas
en
The classification of goods – It’s what you don’t know that brings you in trouble
2023-03-26

This is not a scientific paper claiming to be absolutely complete - it is rather a short examination (born out of the practitioner’s view) of the complexity of classification based on a simple article (with minor variations) and a pointing out of the (often, usually) missing information to classify an article completely (automated?) based on existing (tabular?) data. Let us now consider the complexity of classification in the EU nomenclature using a simple example. Let's take as an example a screw, more precisely a hexagon head screw.

Christopher Matt

klasifikavimas
en
Do you swear to tell the truth? Israeli "importer's affidavit" concerning customs valuation
2023-03-26

The Israeli customs authority has, as I believe, invented an original tool to gain more information about specific goods valuation process, even before officially starting an audit. The tool is called the "importer's affidavit". As far as I know, there is no similar requirement in other jurisdictions.

Omer Wagner

vertė
en
Do you swear to tell the truth? Israeli "importer's affidavit" concerning customs valuation
2023-03-26

The Israeli customs authority has, as I believe, invented an original tool to gain more information about specific goods valuation process, even before officially starting an audit. The tool is called the "importer's affidavit". As far as I know, there is no similar requirement in other jurisdictions.

Omer Wagner

vertė
en
3 real-life cases: To be or not to be in trade and customs compliance?
2023-03-22

Why is there so much talk and writing about trade and customs compliance? Why is so much attention being paid to this issue in legislation and judicial practice? What are the consequences of non-compliance with many laws and trade agreements? Read about 3 real-life cases of failing to comply and their consequences.

Dr. Ilona Mishchenko

rizikos valdymas
en
3 real-life cases: To be or not to be in trade and customs compliance?
2023-03-22

Why is there so much talk and writing about trade and customs compliance? Why is so much attention being paid to this issue in legislation and judicial practice? What are the consequences of non-compliance with many laws and trade agreements? Read about 3 real-life cases of failing to comply and their consequences.

Dr. Ilona Mishchenko

rizikos valdymas
en
Vamzdžių gabenimo sistemos klasifikavimas: aliuminio gaminys ar prekių talpykla?
2023-03-12

Apžvelkime antrąjį (aptarus pripučiamų kušečių klasifikavimo iššūkius) šių metų pradžioje Europos Sąjungos Teisingumo Teismo (ESTT) priimtą sprendimą, susijusį su prekių tarifiniu klasifikavimu. Šioje byloje buvo iškeltas klausimas dėl vamzdžių gabenimo sistemų – ar jos turi būti klasifikuojamos kaip aliuminio gaminys, ar kaip prekių talpykla? Atitinkamai, importo muito tarifas 6% arba 0%. Taip pat aiškintasi kaip nustatyti, kas yra „talpykla“ prekių tarifinio klasifikavimo tikslais.

Ingrida Kemežienė

klasifikavimas
en
Vamzdžių gabenimo sistemos klasifikavimas: aliuminio gaminys ar prekių talpykla?
2023-03-12

Apžvelkime antrąjį (aptarus pripučiamų kušečių klasifikavimo iššūkius) šių metų pradžioje Europos Sąjungos Teisingumo Teismo (ESTT) priimtą sprendimą, susijusį su prekių tarifiniu klasifikavimu. Šioje byloje buvo iškeltas klausimas dėl vamzdžių gabenimo sistemų – ar jos turi būti klasifikuojamos kaip aliuminio gaminys, ar kaip prekių talpykla? Atitinkamai, importo muito tarifas 6% arba 0%. Taip pat aiškintasi kaip nustatyti, kas yra „talpykla“ prekių tarifinio klasifikavimo tikslais.

Ingrida Kemežienė

klasifikavimas
en
Pripučiamos kušetės klasifikavimas - baldas ar stovyklavimo įranga?
2023-03-12

2023 metai tik prasidėjo, tačiau Europos Sąjungos Teisingumo Teismas (ESTT) per pirmuosius 2 mėnesius priėmė net 2 sprendimus, susijusius su prekių tarifiniu klasifikavimu. Tai rodo, kad verslas nuolat susiduria su prekių tinkamo klasifikavimo klausimais, kuriuos, dėl tam tikrų prekių, ir aptarsime. Pradėkime nuo pripučiamų kušečių – ar jos laikytinos baldais, ar stovyklavimo įranga? Atitinkamai priklauso muitas: 3,7% arba 12 %.

Ingrida Kemežienė

klasifikavimas
en
Pripučiamos kušetės klasifikavimas - baldas ar stovyklavimo įranga?
2023-03-12

2023 metai tik prasidėjo, tačiau Europos Sąjungos Teisingumo Teismas (ESTT) per pirmuosius 2 mėnesius priėmė net 2 sprendimus, susijusius su prekių tarifiniu klasifikavimu. Tai rodo, kad verslas nuolat susiduria su prekių tinkamo klasifikavimo klausimais, kuriuos, dėl tam tikrų prekių, ir aptarsime. Pradėkime nuo pripučiamų kušečių – ar jos laikytinos baldais, ar stovyklavimo įranga? Atitinkamai priklauso muitas: 3,7% arba 12 %.

Ingrida Kemežienė

klasifikavimas
en
Customs procedures - possibilities not to be missed and worth knowing about
2023-03-09

The possibilities and risks of customs procedures were the focus of discussion at the 14th Authors' Meeting. Experts from Belgium, Germany, Lithuania, France, Bulgaria, Israel, Brazil and Argentina shared insights and tips on how to manage customs procedures for the maximum benefit of businesses. A number of issues were raised, particularly in relation to the use of special customs procedures.

žinių valdymas
en
Customs procedures - possibilities not to be missed and worth knowing about
2023-03-09

The possibilities and risks of customs procedures were the focus of discussion at the 14th Authors' Meeting. Experts from Belgium, Germany, Lithuania, France, Bulgaria, Israel, Brazil and Argentina shared insights and tips on how to manage customs procedures for the maximum benefit of businesses. A number of issues were raised, particularly in relation to the use of special customs procedures.

žinių valdymas
en
Inward processing in the EU: Does the duty rate always depend on the commodity code for the goods?
2023-03-09

Classification under a tariff subheading is not an end in itself but serves to determine which measures, tariff or other, should be applied to the goods concerned. However, in case of inward processing in the EU, the question has been raised, whether the duty rate of the processed goods at the time of release for free circulation must be applied in certain cases even though the tariff classification, customs value, and origin of the imported goods are the basis for the duty calculation.

Prof Dr Sandra Rinnert, Michael Lux, Enrika Naujokė

klasifikavimas, muitai, mokesčiai
en
Inward processing in the EU: Does the duty rate always depend on the commodity code for the goods?
2023-03-09

Classification under a tariff subheading is not an end in itself but serves to determine which measures, tariff or other, should be applied to the goods concerned. However, in case of inward processing in the EU, the question has been raised, whether the duty rate of the processed goods at the time of release for free circulation must be applied in certain cases even though the tariff classification, customs value, and origin of the imported goods are the basis for the duty calculation.

Prof Dr Sandra Rinnert, Michael Lux, Enrika Naujokė

klasifikavimas, muitai, mokesčiai
en
Getting information from Customs in Ukraine: Is it even possible?
2023-03-05

“He who owns information owns the world”, said Nathan M. Rothschild two centuries ago. The quote is relevant today particularly when it comes to customs. What if a company needs information from customs authorities? Is it possible to obtain it? Are customs obliged to provide it to a company or an individual? This article deals with the problems faced by Ukrainian companies in obtaining the information they need from the customs authorities. We also take a look at the provisions of the EU Customs Code.

Dr. Ilona Mishchenko

teisė
en
Getting information from Customs in Ukraine: Is it even possible?
2023-03-05

“He who owns information owns the world”, said Nathan M. Rothschild two centuries ago. The quote is relevant today particularly when it comes to customs. What if a company needs information from customs authorities? Is it possible to obtain it? Are customs obliged to provide it to a company or an individual? This article deals with the problems faced by Ukrainian companies in obtaining the information they need from the customs authorities. We also take a look at the provisions of the EU Customs Code.

Dr. Ilona Mishchenko

teisė
en
Advance Rulings on Tariff Classification: What? Why? Where?
2023-03-01

Since problems of classification of goods are relevant to all countries of the world, the WCO, as the "keeper" of the Harmonised System, has developed a number of tools for its correct and uniform application. These tools include Explanatory Notes, Compendium of Classification Opinions, Classification Decisions, Recommendations Related to the Harmonised System, and Advance Rulings for Classification. Let's look at the latter tool in more detail, including a practical tip on where to find Advance Rulings in different countries.

Taichi Kawazoe

klasifikavimas
en
Advance Rulings on Tariff Classification: What? Why? Where?
2023-03-01

Since problems of classification of goods are relevant to all countries of the world, the WCO, as the "keeper" of the Harmonised System, has developed a number of tools for its correct and uniform application. These tools include Explanatory Notes, Compendium of Classification Opinions, Classification Decisions, Recommendations Related to the Harmonised System, and Advance Rulings for Classification. Let's look at the latter tool in more detail, including a practical tip on where to find Advance Rulings in different countries.

Taichi Kawazoe

klasifikavimas
en
Muitų teisės aktų pažeidimai ir nuobaudos už juos ES: aktuali situacija (2023 m.)
2023-03-01

2023 m. sausio mėnesį ES Komisija pristatė ataskaitą „Dėl muitų teisės pažeidimų vertinimo ir nuobaudų valstybėse narėse“ (COM(2023) 5 final), kurioje pateikiama apibendrinta individualios nuobaudų už muitų teisės aktų pažeidimus sistemos kiekvienoje ES valstybėje narėje apžvalga. Šiame straipsnyje pristatomi esminiai ataskaitos akcentai, apibūdinantys esamą muitų teisės aktų pažeidimų ir nuobaudų už juos taikymo sistemą atskirose ES valstybėse narėse, jos individualius ypatumus skirtingose valstybėse. Kartu straipsnyje apžvelgiamos teisinės atsakomybės taikymo sistemos vienodinimo perspektyvos ir šioje srityje šiuo metu svarstomos iniciatyvos.

Dr. Gediminas Valantiejus

pažeidimai
en
Muitų teisės aktų pažeidimai ir nuobaudos už juos ES: aktuali situacija (2023 m.)
2023-03-01

2023 m. sausio mėnesį ES Komisija pristatė ataskaitą „Dėl muitų teisės pažeidimų vertinimo ir nuobaudų valstybėse narėse“ (COM(2023) 5 final), kurioje pateikiama apibendrinta individualios nuobaudų už muitų teisės aktų pažeidimus sistemos kiekvienoje ES valstybėje narėje apžvalga. Šiame straipsnyje pristatomi esminiai ataskaitos akcentai, apibūdinantys esamą muitų teisės aktų pažeidimų ir nuobaudų už juos taikymo sistemą atskirose ES valstybėse narėse, jos individualius ypatumus skirtingose valstybėse. Kartu straipsnyje apžvelgiamos teisinės atsakomybės taikymo sistemos vienodinimo perspektyvos ir šioje srityje šiuo metu svarstomos iniciatyvos.

Dr. Gediminas Valantiejus

pažeidimai
en
Organizacija Confiad: kuriant muitinės tarpininkų profesijos ateitį
2023-03-01

Tarptautinė muitinės tarpininkų ir muitinės atstovų konfederacija (Confiad) buvo įkurta 1982 m. Italijoje. Jos tikslas - ginti ir koordinuoti savo narių profesinius interesus, remti teisinių, profesinių ir muitinės taisyklių derinimą Europos lygmeniu. Confiad prezidentas dr. Massimo De Gregorio maloniai priėmė mūsų kvietimą pasidalinti informacija apie konfederaciją, jos veiklas ir muitinės tarpininko profesiją.

Dr Massimo De Gregorio

muitinės tarpininkas
en
Organizacija Confiad: kuriant muitinės tarpininkų profesijos ateitį
2023-03-01

Tarptautinė muitinės tarpininkų ir muitinės atstovų konfederacija (Confiad) buvo įkurta 1982 m. Italijoje. Jos tikslas - ginti ir koordinuoti savo narių profesinius interesus, remti teisinių, profesinių ir muitinės taisyklių derinimą Europos lygmeniu. Confiad prezidentas dr. Massimo De Gregorio maloniai priėmė mūsų kvietimą pasidalinti informacija apie konfederaciją, jos veiklas ir muitinės tarpininko profesiją.

Dr Massimo De Gregorio

muitinės tarpininkas
en
Classification of drones: toy or unmanned aircraft?
2023-03-01

In 2022, the approach to the classification of unmanned aircraft changed. A separate heading has been introduced for them. Has the classification of these goods been simplified? Have there been fewer problems in determining their code? Let's find out what challenges we may face when classifying some types of drones.

Taichi Kawazoe

klasifikavimas
en
Classification of drones: toy or unmanned aircraft?
2023-03-01

In 2022, the approach to the classification of unmanned aircraft changed. A separate heading has been introduced for them. Has the classification of these goods been simplified? Have there been fewer problems in determining their code? Let's find out what challenges we may face when classifying some types of drones.

Taichi Kawazoe

klasifikavimas
en
Muitinės formalumai ES: Kaip tai daroma jūsų šalyje?
2023-03-01

Neseniai paskelbtoje lyginamojoje valstybių narių muitinės leidimų išdavimo procedūrų, taikomų įvežant produktus į ES, analizėje daroma išvada, kad ES yra muitų sąjunga, kurioje galioja bendri teisės aktai, muitinės taisyklės, procedūros ir bendras plėtros planas, tačiau dėl daugelio objektyvių priežasčių ir aplinkybių kiekviena valstybė narė savo muitinės veiklą valdo ir plėtoja savo tempu ir vadovaudamasi savo Sąjungos muitinės kodekso (SMK) aiškinimu. Apžvelgiame kai kuriuos analizės aspektus.

Boryana Peycheva

muitinės formalumai, teisė
en
Muitinės formalumai ES: Kaip tai daroma jūsų šalyje?
2023-03-01

Neseniai paskelbtoje lyginamojoje valstybių narių muitinės leidimų išdavimo procedūrų, taikomų įvežant produktus į ES, analizėje daroma išvada, kad ES yra muitų sąjunga, kurioje galioja bendri teisės aktai, muitinės taisyklės, procedūros ir bendras plėtros planas, tačiau dėl daugelio objektyvių priežasčių ir aplinkybių kiekviena valstybė narė savo muitinės veiklą valdo ir plėtoja savo tempu ir vadovaudamasi savo Sąjungos muitinės kodekso (SMK) aiškinimu. Apžvelgiame kai kuriuos analizės aspektus.

Boryana Peycheva

muitinės formalumai, teisė
en
Muitinės konsultaciniai komitetai: kokia jų nauda verslui?
2023-02-19

ES valstybėse narėse, Jungtinėje Karalystėje ir kitose šalyse veikia Muitinės konsultaciniai komitetai (MKK) arba panašios darbo grupės, kurios vienija verslo ir muitinės atstovus siekiant aptarti problemas, dalintis žiniomis ir gerinti verslo aplinką. Su kokiais klausimais ar problemomis verslas gali kreiptis į MKK ir kokių rezultatų galima tikėtis? Kaip tai galima padaryti? Ar įmonės aktyviai naudojasi šia priemone? Dėkojame Anthony Buckley, Airijos MKK pirmininkui pasirengimo Brexit laikotarpiu, kad maloniai priėmė kvietimą pasidalinti savo patirtimi ir nuomone.

Anthony Buckley, Enrika Naujokė

en
Muitinės konsultaciniai komitetai: kokia jų nauda verslui?
2023-02-19

ES valstybėse narėse, Jungtinėje Karalystėje ir kitose šalyse veikia Muitinės konsultaciniai komitetai (MKK) arba panašios darbo grupės, kurios vienija verslo ir muitinės atstovus siekiant aptarti problemas, dalintis žiniomis ir gerinti verslo aplinką. Su kokiais klausimais ar problemomis verslas gali kreiptis į MKK ir kokių rezultatų galima tikėtis? Kaip tai galima padaryti? Ar įmonės aktyviai naudojasi šia priemone? Dėkojame Anthony Buckley, Airijos MKK pirmininkui pasirengimo Brexit laikotarpiu, kad maloniai priėmė kvietimą pasidalinti savo patirtimi ir nuomone.

Anthony Buckley, Enrika Naujokė

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